Land use reform

Open Philanthropy has explored some of these and other funding options; as of MayAugust 2022, it has granted over $11.3$12 million to organizations working on land use reform.^[6]

1. ^{^}

   Glaeser, Edward L., Joseph Gyourko & Raven Saks (2005) Why is Manhattan so expensive? Regulation and the rise in housing prices, Journal of Law and Economics, vol. 48, pp. 331–369.

2. ^{^}

   Open philanthropy (2015) Land use reform, Open Philanthropy, March, section 2.1.

3. ^{^}

   Hsieh, Chang Tai & Enrico Moretti (2019) Housing constraints and spatial misallocation, American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, vol. 11, pp. 1–39.

4. ^{^}

   Hsieh, Chang-Tai & Enrico Moretti (2017) How local housing regulations smother the U.S. economy, The New York Times, September 6.

5. ^{^}

   Open philanthropy, Land use reform, section 2.2.

6. ^{^}

   Open Philanthropy (2022) Grants databasedatabase: Land use reform, Open Philanthropy.

7. ^{^}

   Wiblin, Robert (2016) Land use reform, 80,000 Hours, April 14.

Land use reform describes attempts to change legislation regulatingis the set of interventions aimed at improving regulation of dense housing construction in urban areas.

Open Philanthropy has explored some of these and other funding options; as of JanuaryMay 2022, it has granted over $9.5$11.3 million to organizations working on land use reform.^[6]

1. ^{^}

   Glaeser, Edward L., Joseph Gyourko & Raven Saks (2005) Why is Manhattan so expensive? Regulation and the rise in housing prices, Journal of Law and Economics, vol. 48, pp. 331–369.

2. ^{^}

   Open philanthropy (2015) Land use reform, Open Philanthropy, March, sec.section 2.1.

3. ^{^}

   Hsieh, Chang Tai & Enrico Moretti (2019) Housing constraints and spatial misallocation, American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, vol. 11, pp. 1–39.

4. ^{^}

   Hsieh, Chang-Tai & Enrico Moretti (2017) How local housing regulations smother the U.S. economy, The New York Times, September 6.

5. ^{^}

   Open philanthropy, Land use reform, sec.section 2.2.

6. ^{^}

   Open Philanthropy (2022) Grants database, Open Philanthropy.

7. ^{^}

   Wiblin, Robert (2016) Land use reform, 80,000 Hours, April 14.

Berger, Alexander (2014)Bowman, Sam, John Myers & Ben Southwood (2021) A conversation with Stephen SmithThe housing theory of everything, GiveWellWorks in Progress, March 13.

Berger, Alexander (2014) A conversation with Gabriel Metcalf, Open Philanthropy, March 31.

Berger, Alexander (2014) A conversation with David Schleicher, Open Philanthropy, May 15.September 14.

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• "Local governments in high-wage high-regulation metropolitan areas could simply “upzone,”'upzone', permitting more and denser development."
• "Local governments could change the process by which they decide how to regulate land use. For example, they could adopt a “zoning budget”'zoning budget' targeting an overall level of housing growth, so that restrictions in one area would have to be balanced by expansions elsewhere. This would help align incentives of advocates for individual projects to support greater overall growth."
• "Decision-making in land use policy could be re-assigned from local to regional or state authorities, which would likely be less susceptible to neighborhood pressure to oppose new development."

Open Philanthropy has explored some of these and other funding options; as of January 2022, it has granted over $9.5 million to organizations working on land use reform.^[6]

A study by economists Chang-Tai Hsieh and Enrico Moretti examines the costs resulting from the reduced flow of workers to more productive regions within the United States due to rising housing prices. The authors conclude that land use restrictions depress annual U.S. wages by $1.27 trillion and output by $1.95 trillion. ^[3][4]

BibliographyFurther reading

The effects of zoning laws on housing prices can be estimated by comparing the sale price of housing to the associated costs of land and construction (Glaser, Gyourko & Saks 2005). construction.^[1] Open Philanthropy has combined these estimates with rent data and some additional assumptions to conclude that the aggregate "tax" on renters in five large metropolitan areas amounts to over $100 billion in deadweight loss per year (Open Philanthropy 2015: sect. 1).year.^[2]

A study by economists Chang-Tai Hsieh and Enrico Moretti examines the costs resulting from the reduced flow of workers to more productive regions within the United States due to rising housing prices. The authors conclude that land use restrictions depress annual U.S. wages by $1.27 trillion and output by $1.95 trillion (Hsieh & Moretti 2019).trillion. ^[3][4]

Promising options open to policymakers include the following (Open Philanthropy 2015: sect. 2.1):following:^[2]

Promising options open to funders include the following (Open Philanthropy 2015: sect. 2.2):following:^[5]

Open Philanthropy has explored some of these and other funding options; between 2015 and 2020,as of January 2022, it granted over USD 6.75$9.5 million to organizations working on land use reform (Open Philanthropy 2021).reform.^[6]

Promising career options include the following (Wiblin 2015):following:^[7]

Promising direct work options include the following (Wiblin 2015):following:^[7]

Berger, Alexander (2014a)(2014) A conversation with Stephen Smith, GiveWell, March 13.

Berger, Alexander (2014b)(2014) A conversation with Gabriel Metcalf, Open Philanthropy, March 31.

Berger, Alexander (2014c)(2014) A conversation with David Schleicher, Open Philanthropy, May 15.

Glaeser, Edward L. & Joseph Gyourko (2008) Rethinking Federal Housing Policy, Washington, D.C.: The AEI Press.

Kaufman, Jeff (2019) Make more land, LessWrong, October 16.

Open philanthropy (2015) Land use reform, Open Philanthropy, March.

1. ^{^}

   Glaeser, Edward L., Joseph Gyourko & Raven Saks (2005) Why is Manhattan so expensive? Regulation and the rise in housing prices, Journal of Law and Economics, vol. 48, pp. 331–369.

2. ^{^}

   Glaeser, Edward L.Open philanthropy (2015) Land use reform, Open Philanthropy, March, sec. 2.1.

3. ^{^}

   Hsieh, Chang Tai & Joseph Gyourko (2008)Enrico Moretti (2019) Rethinking Federal Housing Policyconstraints and spatial misallocation, Washington, D.C.: The AEI Press.American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, vol. 11, pp. 1–39.

4. ^{^}

   Hsieh, Chang-Tai & Enrico Moretti (2017) How local housing regulations smother the U.S. economy, The New York Times, September 6.

   Hsieh, Chang Tai & Enrico Moretti (2019)

5. Housing constraints and spatial misallocation^, American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, vol. 11, pp. 1–39.

   Kaufman, Jeff (2019) Make more land, LessWrong, October 16.

   Open philanthropy (2015)philanthropy, Land use reform, Open Philanthropy, March.sec. 2.2.

6. ^{^}

   Open Philanthropy (2021)(2022) Grants database, Open Philanthropy.

7. ^{^}

   Wiblin, Robert (2016) Land use reform, 80,000 Hours, April 14.