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Family planning is the use of contraception to limit or space out the number of children born to a couple, and the provision of contraceptive methods for that use.

Family planning is broadly recognised as a cost effective way to reduce both maternal and child mortality.  

Effect on maternal mortality

Contraceptive use reduces risk of death per birth by preventing high risk pregnancy. These include but are not limited to pregnancy in the very young, pregnancy in older women, births that are spaced very close together, and high parity births (births that occur in a woman who has already given birth many times.)

Effect on child mortality
In developing countries, children born two years or earlier after an older sibling were at a 60% increased risk of death in infancy, while those born between two and three years had a 10% increase, compared with those born after intervals of four to five years. Contraceptive use to increase the birth interval therefore reduces under 5 mortality. 

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Gavin
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