All of Diego Oliveira's Comments + Replies

Agreed! Sounds too good to be true, but I do hope it is! Thanks SiebeRozendal for sharing this news!

Thanks a lot for this carefully compiled information! May all sentient beings benefit from the actions that you folks are organizing there!

Thank you, Ian, for asking the question that was in the back of my mind while I was reading this well-written and accessible post by ryancbriggs. I think it would be nice if the OP could add this caveat (that the evidence concerns a specific type of aid), since I assume some of the people reading this post in the EA forum will possibly update unjustly against aid recommended by, for instance, GiveWell. 

Thank you very, very much for your input, Lorenzo! Very helpful as always. Keep up the good work!

Hi! I have some basic questions that I believe there are well-documented resources I could be linked to. As far as I know, there are currently four EA-aligned meta-charities, i.e., charities that evaluate and recommend other charities based on EA's core values: GiveWell, Animal Charity Evaluators, Giving What We Can, and The Life You Can Save. I have the following questions:
       (1) Did I miss any other EA-aligned meta-charity?
       (2) What are the differences in their evaluation process? I get that GiveWell deal... (read more)

5
Lorenzo Buonanno
11mo
[Speaking in a personal capacity] It doesn't answer all your questions, but you might find this interesting: https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/trusted-evaluators On that page, you can find the current "trusted evaluators" according to GWWC, and at the bottom "a tentative list of additional charitable giving experts we are considering investigating in 2023". As for your questions, to the best of my understanding 1) Here's a list from @Sjir Hoeijmakers https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1OSv9vkW0UkTyOuwOnYZeFfiZT8hrF8DSvUIwKKfh95A/edit#gid=0 (You can look at the ones that are marked as "Funding opportunity supplier"). I don't know which ones you would consider "EA-aligned", I don't think there's a strong consensus on what's "EA-aligned" 2) This is a very deep topic that I'm not an expert in, but you might find this post useful: Measuring Good Better. Here's the video version:  As far as I personally see it, there are two kinds of differences between evaluators: 1. epistemic disagreements (which hopefully are falsifiable and could in theory be resolved), for example: 1. What's the actual effect of deworming programs on income years later (see the famous worm wars) 2. What's the counterfactual value of subsidized cataract surgery (see your previous question) 2. value disagreements (where it seems unlikely we'll every reach a consensus), for example: 1. How do you weigh the suffering of humans vs the suffering of other animals 2. How do you weigh extending a life vs improving a life 3. How much do you value freedom, self-determination, wellbeing, happiness 4. How do weigh future generations vs present individuals 3) I don't know much about them, but until recently I think they were focusing less on impact (the results of the charities) and more on things like the organization's transparency, overheads, and culture. By a quick skim on their website, it seems that they don't recommend the most impactful donation opportunities, but ra

Hi, Lorenzo! Thank you, once again, for your kindness!

Hi! Does anybody know where the figure for cataract surgery ($1,000/severe visual impairment reversed) comes from? Is it one eye, or both eyes? I'm making a presentation and I'd like to be assured that the figures are as correct as possible.

For instance, this 2011 article (https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6963-13-480) provides the following information:

"The average cost of cataract surgery [in Southern Ethiopia] in 2010 was US$141.6 (Range: US$37.6–312.6)".

3
Lorenzo Buonanno
11mo
Last time I looked the best I could find was https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/cataract-surgery#cost from GiveWell, which estimated "the cost per blindness or severe visual impairment reversed at $112-$1,250" but if I remember correctly there are uncertainties around counterfactuality and other important considerations.

Thanks for clarifying this! I really had interpreted it as a threat from funders.

Based on the readings in previous chapters, which global problems do you think are most pressing and why? (Remember, experts are quite uncertain about this question!)


Biorisks: Whether through a bioweapon, a lab leak, or a naturally occurring pandemic, I believe that dangerous microorganisms that spread globally and cause immense amounts of suffering and deaths are very plausible (since it has already happened and we're increasing the potential for bioweapons and lab leaks as technology progresses)

Nuclear War: Given the constant tension in international rel... (read more)

I'm going to share my answers. Please keep in mind that they might have been already tackled by other people elsewhere. In any case, those are the critiques I have so far.

Superficial references problem:
The handbook almost never recommends books on the subjects (except those written by MacAskill, Ord, Singer, etc), but instead they tend to recommend blog posts, Wikipedia, other EA-aligned webpages, or, at best, philosophy papers. In my opinion, there could be recommendations of textbooks on cost-effectiveness analysis, cause prioritization, economics, ethic... (read more)

I feel questions 1 and 2 are essentially the same, with the second having a more partitioned approach. Did I overlook some important difference between them?

Hi! Just want to point out a typo: "This chapter we’d like you (...)". Thanks! :-)

Hi! Just want to point out that the [Future Proof report] link is broken.

2
Sam Clarke
1y
Thanks, fixed!

Thanks for your reply. The possibility of asymmetry suggests even more that we shouldn't predict in the whole [0%-100%] range, but rather stick to whatever half of the interval we feel more comfortable with. All we have to do is to get in the habit of flipping the "sign" of the question (i.e, taking the complement of the sample space) when needed, which usually amounts to adding the phrase "It's not the case that" in front of the prediction. This leads to roughly double the number of samples per bin, and therefore more precise estimates of our calibration.... (read more)

Thanks for sharing this! I've been forecasting myself for 5 months now (got 1005 resolved predictions so far), and I adopted a slightly different strategy to increase the number of samples: I only predict in the range [50%-100%]. After all, there doesn't seem to be any probabilistically or cognitively relevant difference between [predicting X will happen with 20% probability] and [not-X will happen with 80% probability]

What do you folks think about this?

1
Javier Prieto
1y
Thanks! That's a reasonable strategy if you can choose question wording. I agree there's no difference mathematically, but I'm not so sure that's true cognitively. Sometimes I've seen asymmetric calibration curves that look fine >50% but tend to overpredict <50%. That suggests it's easier to stay calibrated in the subset of questions you think are more likely to happen than not. This is good news for your strategy! However, note that this is based on a few anecdotal observations, so I'd caution against updating too strongly on it.

I think Lorenzo is right: when there is a reply to a comment, I can't delete the comment. Here's a screenshot of what I see (it's the same thing when I click on the three dots in this comment I made (which starts with the words "Hmm, to my surprise")):

Anyway, that's no big deal! I'll leave the comment up. Thank you folks for your kindness!

Hmm, to my surprise, I just found out that I can't delete the comment, but only "retract" it (which amounts to striking the text through). Two questions:

  1. Did I miss a way of really deleting the comment?
  2. If there is no way to delete it, is there a better way to report the typos than pointing them out in the comments section?
2
Dane Magaway
1y
Hi! For number 1: To delete a comment, simply click the three dots on the upper right side of the comment box, and you'll see an option to delete. If you still can't see that option, please send us a screenshot of the options you see, and we'll have our tech team investigate further. Hope this helps!
6
MaxDalton
1y
1. I'm not sure, but I'll ask someone who knows to respond. (Though looks like you managed to delete a comment below, so maybe you figured it out?) 2. I think another thing you could do is message the author (go to their profile page and then click "message"), but I think that commenting is also fine. Pointing out typos is an act of community service, so I think that people will be OK with you leaving the comment up!

Hi! I found a typo. I'll delete the comment once it gets fixed:

"and explore they are so neglected by society".

 

Thanks!

1[comment deleted]1y
3
MaxDalton
1y
Fixed, thanks!

I think the principle I want us to abide by is something like ‘if something is an argument for caring more about entities who are widely regarded as not worthy of such care, then even if the argument sounds pretty absurd, I am supportive of some people doing research into it. And if they’re doing that research with the intent of increasing everyone’s well-being and flourishing as much as possible, then they’re part of our movement’.

That's just beautiful. Thanks for your insight!

It's not clear to me what it would mean to "treasure a non-living thing" in the same way that we should "treasure a living [I'd add 'sentient'] being". When I treasure a sentient being, what I mean by this is that:

(1) I recognize that sentient being's capacity to feel positive and negative states of mind;

(2) I recognize that that sentient being has interests of their own; and 

(3) I take the previous two facts into consideration in my decision-making so that I don't, unnecessarily, make that sentient being feel negative states of mind, or deprive them ... (read more)

1
dain
2mo
The difficulty I have with this argument is where do you draw the line with sentience? And if there's a living thing just below the line, without "real feelings" or interests, but still able to experience pain or other feelings would you not treasure it? One issue with my post I realise is that maybe by definition you need a sentient being to feel real empathy with, but what I had in mind wasn't strictly just empathy, but caring for or treasuring things. In a sense it's more of an invitation for a thought experiment to extend our circle of concern regardless of utility. So to answer your question, it's treasuring / appreciating / valuing / finding delight in anything really, just for the mere fact that it came together from cosmic dust. So even if something doesn't have utility for a sentient being, favouring not destroying or harming them. That being said, of course I'm not saying we should care more about a tuft of grass over a goat for example (and prevent the goat from eating the grass out of concern for the grass's wellbeing) or to put more effort into preserving minerals than farm animal welfare, etc. Instead, as a concrete example, to consider the effects of our (over)consumption in increasing entropy and decreasing natural beauty, even if mining a bare hill without vegetation doesn't impact anything living.

The Moral Imperative toward Cost-Effectiveness in Global Health - Centre for Global Development  (20 mins.)

Hi! This link is broken. Could someone update it? Here's the new one: https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/2X9rBEBwxBwxAo9Sd/the-moral-imperative-towards-cost-effectiveness

2
Sarah Cheng
1y
Thanks for reporting this! I've updated the link in the post.

Thank you very much for such well-written introduction to your project. May all sentient beings be directly or indirectly benefited! :-)

Wow! Really? I haven't read that referred article, and my knowledge of Economics is almost zero. Since Max's claim here as I understand it (that in order to end poverty, a global redistribution of wealth is not sufficient) is very bold and has practical consequences, I'd like to ask if someone could evaluate gajosfajos' argument. Is Max Roser really making that unwarranted conclusion?

3
Ian Turner
1y
I suppose it depends on the definition of poverty that you want to use, but if we are talking about the global poverty line, redistribution would easily be adequate. There are individual people alive today with adequate assets. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2016/01/20/the-global-poverty-gap-is-falling-billionaires-could-help-close-it/

Thanks for this important comment! I also agree that it would make the text clearer if we added the fact that we're dealing with the logarithm of the GDP.

Your observations seem very to the point. Could you elaborate a little bit on what you mean by "implying power dependence on GDP"?

2
Ivan Madan
1y
"implying power dependence on GDP" means that the quantity on the Y-axis is the power function of GDP, i.e. GDP^x. It looks like Maternal deaths ~ GDP^(-2), that is for every order of magnitude increase in GDP we have two orders of magnitude decrease in maternal mortality.  This is very different from the logarithmic dependence one obtains for straight lines in log-linear plots. 

Does it make sense for me to point out the typos here so that they can be fixed? I believe such important texts convey their message better when written without typos. Let me know if there is a better place for me to point them out.

#1:  "compare the values any two health benefits".

#2: "which given rise to a number of subtly different versions"

#3: "is estimated to be 1,400 times as cost-effectiveness as the least good"

#4: "per year before eradication.8"

#5: "costeffectiveness" and "costeffective" appear around 5 times in the text in total

2
Dane Magaway
1y
Hi, thanks for flagging these. I've made the necessary changes. Let me know if you need anything else. 

Thank you for taking your precious time to organize this handbook and make other effective altruists' lives easier! May all sentient beings be directly or indirectly benefited! 

I find Where The Hell is Matt? 2008 to be the most beautiful video I've ever seen. For years straight it always brings joyful tears of love and compassion to my eyes. The mesmerizing song and the shots of people from all around the world dancing without any bigger purpose but to celebrate life itself remind me of the immense value that happiness has.

Just trying to get myself comfortable with posting on the forum, since I'm new to it.

I'm from Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), I consider myself deeply concerned about ethics, and I believe there are analytical methods that can get us closer not only to ethical truths (be they objective or not) but also to the methods whereby we may abide by those truths. 

I have a medical degree and I'm currently taking an online MicroMasters in Statistics and Data Science at MITx. I plan to take part in public health research, though I'm pretty much open to change gears if presented with sufficient evidence to do so.

Thank you all for supporting the EA community!