I am an attorney in a public-sector position not associated with EA, although I cannot provide legal advice to anyone. My involvement with EA so far has been mostly limited so far to writing checks to GiveWell and other effective charities in the Global Health space, as well as some independent reading. I have occasionally read the forum and was looking for ideas for year-end giving when the whole FTX business exploded . . .
As someone who isn't deep in EA culture (at least at the time of writing), I may be able to offer a perspective on how the broader group of people with sympathies toward EA ideas might react to certain things. I'll probably make some errors that would be obvious to other people, but sometimes a fresh set of eyes can help bring a different perspective.
The U.S. government advice was pretty bad, but I don't think this was from lack of knowledge. I think it was more a deliberate attempt to downplay the effectiveness of masks to mitigate supply issues.
I also wouldn't expect the government to necessarily perform well on getting the truth out there quickly, or on responding well to low-probability / high impact events by taking EV+ actions that cause significant disruption to the public. Government officials have to worry about the risk of stoking public panic and similar indirect effects much more than most private individuals, including rationalist thinkers. For example, @Denkenberger🔸 mentions some rationalists figuring out who they wanted to be locked down with on the early side; deciding that the situation warrants this kind of behavior -- like deciding to short the stock market, or most other private-actor stuff -- doesn't require consideration of indirect effects like government statements do. Nor are a political leader's incentives aligned to maximize expected value in these sorts of situations.
So I'd consider beating the government to be evidence of competence, but not much evidence of particularly early or wise performance by private entities.
For balance, the established authorities' early beliefs and practices about COVID did not age well. Some of that can be attributed to governments doing government things, like downplaying the effectiveness of masks to mitigate supply issues. But, for instance, the WHO fundamentally missed on its understanding of how COVID is transmitted . . . for many months. So we were told to wash our groceries, a distraction from things that would have made a difference. Early treatment approaches (e.g., being too quick to put people on vents) were not great either.
The linked article shows that some relevant experts had a correct understanding early on but struggled to get acceptance. "Dogmatic bias is certainly a big part of it,” one of them told Nature later on. So I don't think the COVID story would present a good case for why EA should defer to the consensus view of experts. Perhaps it presents a good case for why EA should be very cautious about endorsing things that almost no relevant expert believes, but that is a more modest conclusion.
Do you think the EA tendency toward many smaller-to-midsize organizations plays a role in this? I'm not in the industry at all, but the "comms-focused" roles feel more fundamental in a sense than the "digital growth" roles. Stated differently, I can imagine an org having the former but not the latter, but find it hard to envision an org with only the latter. If an org only has a single FTE available for "marketing-related" work, it wouldn't surprise me to learn that the job description for that role is often going to lean in the comms-focused direction.
Although I think Yarrow's claim is that the LW community was not "particularly early on covid [and did not give] particularly wise advice." I don't think the rationality community saying things that were not at the time "obvious" undermines this conclusion as long as those things were also being said in a good number of other places at the same time.
Cummings was reading rationality material, so that had the chance to change his mind. He probably wasn't reading (e.g.) the r/preppers subreddit, so its members could not get this kind of credit. (Another example: Kim Kardashian got Donald Trump to pardon Alice Marie Johnson and probably had some meaningful effect on his first administration's criminal-justice reforms. This is almost certainty a reflection of her having access, not evidence that she is a first-rate criminal justice thinker or that her talking points were better than those of others supporting Johnson's clemency bid.)
Thanks! I may be thinking about it too much from the consumer perspective of owning a condo in a 100-year-old building, where the noise of filtration is a major drawback and the costs of a broader modernization of HVAC systems would be considerable.
I haven't polled grocery store owners, but an owner would bear all the costs of improving air quality yet may capture few of the economic benefits. Although customers would care a lot in a pandemic, they probably wouldn't otherwise care in a way that increases profits -- and managers are incentivized toward short-term results. Cynically, most of their employees may not have paid sick time, so the owner may not even realize most of the benefit from reduced employee illness. (Of course, regulators could require compliance -- but that's not an awareness problem. So maybe the candidate intervention is lobbying?)
This is one of those scenarios in which I think it's easier to capture ~the full costs than the full benefits:
On the costs side:
I don't know if those adjustments would flip the end result for you -- but I think accounting for them would make it a close call and would show how modest differences in the factors (e.g., personal circumstances that make getting the vaccine less time-consuming) would flip the outcome.
In fact, they were largely building off the efforts of recognized domain experts. See, e.g., this bibliography from 2010 of sources used in the "initial formation of [its] list of priority programs in international aid," and this 2009 analysis of bednet programs.