Evidence-based philanthropy is an approach to charitable giving that emphasizes data, analysis, and measurable outcomes in deciding where and how to donate. This strategy focuses on maximizing the positive impact of each dollar spent—often referred to as high-impact giving. Rather than giving based on emotion, tradition, or visibility, evidence-based philanthropists rely on research, cost-effectiveness metrics, and careful reasoning to guide their donations.

Evidence-based philanthropy is a central concept in the effective altruism movement, but is also practiced independently by donors, foundations, and researchers who value transparency, measurement, and impact.

There are massive differences in donation effectiveness between charities. A well-studied global health intervention might save a life for a few thousand dollars, while others may offer no measurable benefit. Evidence-based giving helps individuals and institutions make data-driven donation decisions that prioritize impact over intent.

This approach encourages:

Cost-effectiveness in charity: Assessing interventions using metrics like cost per life saved or DALYs averted.
Transparency and learning: Making decisions that can be evaluated and improved over time.
Global prioritization: Comparing causes and regions to focus on those with the greatest unmet needs.