Insightful post.
Great that you mention 'anti-aging' research, one of the most promising means of alleviating enormous amounts of suffering (from chronic diseases) and increase healthy lifespan of the population (something not often discussed in EA).
Anti-aging research also meets the EA criteria for an important cause area of tractability, scale, neglectedness.
I personally donate to the SENS Research Foundation to progress this work. I encourage others to also.
Thanks for the questions. These two lines of argumentation are quite common responses, and I would address them as follows:
1. It is entirely possible that existential risk mitigation (e.g. AI safety, nuclear, biosecurity) is by far the most effective cause area in EA due to the 'Pascal's mugging'-style argument you put forth (i.e. the potential for trillions of future lives to be saved). If you believe that 100% of EA funding should support ex-risk causes then you will be unlikely to be persuaded to donate to anti-aging research.
However, if you think... (read more)