All of So-Low Growth's Comments + Replies

Re-read this again just now and truly is a tremendous piece!

Great post! I'm in touch with a researcher who's working on an academic project in the UK who would like to have a quick chat with any of the folks in the team. Just sent a message on the RP site, but if you're happy to be put in touch, feel free to DM or comment here.

1
bruce
1y
Hi, thanks for reaching out! I'll DM you.

The second/third link are dead. Would you mind re-posting it please?

1
creedofhubris
1y
Weird, somehow the links got merged together. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8046229/ https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.200566  

Isn't there a strong motivation for following-up with a conference introducing these professors to EA?

1
ryancbriggs
2y
I think that idea has a lot of potential.

Fwiw, I have a set of slides by a very high profile growth economist (top 10 in the world in terms of citations in growth) on why this paper may be incorrect. They have a theoretical model with testable empirical implications.

If anyone is interested in collaborating on this, I'd be potentially interested in having early chats.

Ah frustrating! I'm surprised Tyler didn't say yes, given your previous blog posts. 

Random thought - maybe it's worth applying to EAF/LTFF for replicating EA specific papers?

2
Michael_Wiebe
2y
Yeah, I've tried to think of empirical EA-related papers that would be informative to replicate; so far it looks like air pollution might be a good topic. The problem is that many EA-relevant papers are theoretical and hence not amenable to my style of replication.

Michael, I love your work (blog). Other than FTX, have you tried other avenues for funding this?

2
Michael_Wiebe
2y
I've applied to Emergent Ventures and ACX funds for smaller scale versions of this idea (eg. my writing a replication blog), but didn't get anything. FTX inspired me to think of the maximal scale version.

These are great Gavin.

It's been a while since I worked on global development issues (largely focusing on NTDs back in 2014/15) but did Farmer not also help popularise the biosocial approach (which I thought had a large impact) ? No mention of 'biosocial' on the wiki page though.

I think it's this paper http://evavivalt.com/wp-content/uploads/Weighing-the-Evidence.pdf. Fwiw, all of Eva's papers are worth reading!

Sidenote - love your work and WiP (I'm also part of the PS community). Hope to see you on the EAF again!

2
salonium
2y
Oh, I remember reading this paper now! It's great, thanks for sharing. And thank you very much :) I will be here more often for sure.

Actually I could be incorrect. I think Eva Vivalt has a paper on this (no time to dig up right now).

2
salonium
2y
If you do find it, I'd be interested to read that.  I would guess that  it's difficult for people to intuitively understand precisely why randomization is so useful, although other aspects of RCTs are probably easier to grasp – particularly, the experimental part of giving treatment A to one group and treatment B to another group and following up their outcomes. But overall I think I would agree with you; people need less understanding of confounders and selection bias to read an RCT than they'd need to read an observational study.

One indirect advantage of RCTs is that I'd guess (I'd imagine this has been tested somewhere) that they are easier to understand compared to other causal inference methods. Maybe that makes it easier to pitch to people who aren't trained in statistics (often policy makers).

Not sure of this though...

2
So-Low Growth
2y
Actually I could be incorrect. I think Eva Vivalt has a paper on this (no time to dig up right now).

Fwiw, I'd imagine you are all less succumb to weighting other evaluators negative points (different interests at play to journal reviewers) - but still may be a bias here.

Peaked my curiosity, what sort of clever thing? 

5
Gavin
2y
Babbling:  * Allocating some of the funding using the pre-test rankings;  * or the other way, using the diff between pre and post as a measure for how bad/fragile the pre was;  * otherwise working out whether each evaluator leans under- or over-confident and using this to correct their post ranking.

The sharing of information can - sometimes - lead to more conservative funding due to people weighting other peoples' weak points greater than their strong points. See here for a really fascinating paper in the economics of science: https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/pdf/10.1287/mnsc.2021.4107

5
Gavin
2y
This is a risk, but we'll still have the pre-test rankings and can probably do something clever here.

I like the idea but then a potential counter-point would be we should just simple expand Oxford's GPI/FHI. Both of these are within Oxford, which adds a lot of prestige/credibility etc. 

2
Jackson Wagner
2y
EA is advancing on several fronts here: -GPI & FHI at Oxford -Smaller departments and programs at other schools, like Stanford Existential Risk Initiative and Berkeley Existential Risk Initiative. -Encouraging people to start student groups at lots and lots of colleges. Right now, the student group work might be the most cost-effective, but there are limits to how well that strategy can scale. Keeping the focus on existing hubs like Oxford and the Bay Area makes sense now, but as EA gets more ambitious and starts to exhaust the low-hanging movement-growth fruit, eventually the idea of just buying our way into a Harvard Department of Progress Studies might start to look like a pretty appealing idea.

I think the counter-point here is that currently EAs publish in more mainstream journals, allowing them to gain exposure to a wide audience. Having a niche EA journal (even if buying a popular one and changing it) may reduce the audience/respectability (i.e. considered fringe etc.). 

IIRC, OpenPhil are funding EAish academics to produce online courses. I think the old Peter Singer one on Coursera/EDx did pretty well.

Thanks for the quick response Kevin. Haha, so in my original question I was going to say 'with the exclusion of the work of Chad Jones', i.e. the intersection of growth theory and EA/longtermism, which seem quite clear to me.

I would be interested in hearing about the other presenters: (Ben) Jones, Azoulay, Williams, Reenen, etc.
 

What are the intersections between this and EA focused research? Would love to see some examples if you (or anyone else) has any.

2
Kevin Kuruc
2y
Here are two broad examples off the top of my head, but I'm sure there are many more. If I think of anything worth adding, I'll do so.  1. Economic growth: See for example Chad Jones' body of work, who will be giving one of the lectures at the bootcamp (here's an excellent overview of some important papers).  2. Causes and consequences of AI development: see Phil Trammel's overview on the consequences of transformative AI in economic models. 

Yes. I think we can essentially nerd-snipe academics. Maybe get a bunch of social scientists and have a mini-conference about what other EA researchers are doing: say AI governance, forecasting, etc.

It gives them a network, an idea of what others are doing, and accelerated intro into EA.

Does seem like the ROI could be large.

I think it's a cool idea. 

One thing that comes to mind that I have noticed is many academics aren't aware of EA but I think they would be on board. Many of these academics have time (often tenured), resources (to help EA students), and networks. I wonder if there's a way of targeting/appealing to this demographic.

7
mic
2y
As a university student, I have no idea whether this would work, but maybe a faculty member could advertise and run an introductory EA fellowship for academics, maybe modified to be more research-focused and offering a competitive stipend for participating.

I'm pretty certain they'll get back to you soon. If not, send a follow-up email.

Was recently just complaining about this - great post.

I like the post but I'm not entirely convinced. Even if these are optional classes to pad your degree out, you'd have to think taking history classes adds more value than all other potential options. I don't entirely believe that's the case even if I agree with many of your points in the post.

7
ThomasW
2y
I appreciate this point a lot! I think the counterfactual value of taking history classes is pretty hard to generalize across university students because everyone has different tradeoffs. Some students might have more value from taking other kinds of classes, even other kinds of "padding" classes. Good candidates might be CS, economics, philosophy, math, and maybe a writing class. My general sense is that the value of those classes are more well known in EA (e.g. I see many people majoring in the first four) and probably don't need an explanation. I think history might need more of an explanation, which is why I offered one here. In general, I do agree that people should be thinking about this counterfactually, but I think the outcome would be very dependent on the individual student.

Trying my luck here but would I also be able to get funds for academic projects (my research interests are in Metascience/Innovation/Growth)?

8
evhub
3y
Academic projects are definitely the sort of thing we fund all the time. I don't know if the sort of research you're doing is longtermist-related, but if you have an explanation of why you think your research would be valuable from a longtermist perspective, we'd love to hear it.

That's the one! OP, I think some version of this is definitely worth implementing/revival. I often share various EA articles on my personal twitter feed, and I know people (for example Stefan Schubert) who share EA articles, which captures an audience (that find the content interesting/engaging) that do not always read the EAF regularly.

2
nikos
3y
Ah yes, I had seen the @ealtruist account - but as far as I can tell someone did that manually (it doesn't look like a bot) and then stopped.  We could also merge the two - use the old account with this code or something. In principle open for that

I thought something like this already existed but I could be mistaken.

3
RyanCarey
3y
Yes, there is! It could make more sense to revive it.

Will check some of these out. Not sure if this fits your criteria but a personal favourite is the documentary about Aaron Swartz.

Thanks for this - one of my favourite blogs!

Few questions (not all directly related to the job, so feel free to skip all/any of them):

  1. How do you think blogging compares to other careers available to you in terms of impact?
  2. Why not set up a Patreon (I'm aware you've got some grants)?
  3. Why remain pseudonymous?
  4. Why the name ADS?
  1. It depends on your skillset. My impression is that EA is not really talent constrained, with regards to the talents I currently have. So I would have a bit to offer on the margins, but that's all. I also just don't think I'm nearly as productive when working on a specific set of goals, so there's some tradeoff there. I'm interested in doing RSP one day, and might apply in the future. In theory I think the Vox Future Perfect role could be super high impact.

  2. I probably should.

  3. The short answer is that it's an irreversible decision, so I'm being overly

... (read more)

"For some projects, a small adjustment could unlock huge academic value." Would you be able to provide examples please?

2
Michael_Wulfsohn
3y
I should clarify - I don't mean a small amount of work, but a small conceptual adjustment. The example I give in the post is to adjust from fully addressing a specific application to partially addressing a more general question. And to do so in a way that is hopefully intellectually stimulating to other researchers. In my own work, using a consumer intertemporal optimisation model, I've tried to calculate the optimal amount for humanity to spend now on mitigating existential risk. That is the sort of problem-solving question I'm talking about. A couple of possible ways forward for me: include multiple countries and explore the interactions between x-risk mitigation and global public good provision; or use the setting of existential risk to learn more about a particular type of utility function which someone pointed me to for that purpose.

Good idea! May be worth reaching out to the LSE Econ PhD programme (I see you're attending!), who trialled something similar last year for underrepresented backgrounds (in order to get some feedback on what applicants want).

I think a good addition to this would be providing help to people applying for pre-docs as well, given how important they have become in the profession.

I should have added the following statement. If anyone would like a quick chat about researching cousin marriage, feel free to message me.

Caveat: I'm still fairly new to the topic (there's a lot of non-econ literature) but can try to help wherever possible. 

2
Jackson Wagner
6mo
Here is a post of mine where I try to explore what a consaguinity-based intervention might look like, and what some of the benefits (cultural as well as health!) might be.

I'm currently actively working on this in my PhD (I'm an Economist), which developed from one of my pre-PhD courses. I have a few different ideas and am currently applying for funding for them. Truthfully, this is not one of my core research interests but I think it's relatively fertile ground for research/publication and I have some nice co-authors that I'm working with, so I don't have to devote too much time to the topic. 

A few points:

  1. The negative biological effects seem to be severe where there is persistent cousin marriage. Otherwise it seems tha
... (read more)
6
So-Low Growth
3y
I should have added the following statement. If anyone would like a quick chat about researching cousin marriage, feel free to message me. Caveat: I'm still fairly new to the topic (there's a lot of non-econ literature) but can try to help wherever possible. 

I strongly dislike this and think it gives off the wrong impression about the purpose of the Hotel.

Briefly:

  1. I like the idea
  2. Think it will work
  3. Also like the idea of using Metaculus to forecast this

In Economics, there's an account that does this quite well, with a slightly different approach but a somewhat similar aim. It tweets economics pre-doc and RA positions. However, I think people tag the account, and then it gets re-tweeted. Here's the handle: https://twitter.com/econ_ra

Does this help (from the FAQs? "The lottery is administered by the Centre for Effective Altruism (CEA). The Centre for Effective Altruism is a registered charity in England and Wales (Charity Number 1149828) and a registered 501(c)(3) Exempt Organization in the USA (EIN 47-1988398). An entry to the lottery is a donation to CEA; CEA will regrant the lottery money, based on the recommendation of the lottery winner.

All grants made are at CEA’s sole discretion. This is a condition of CEA’s status as a tax-deductible non-profit (both in the UK and the US).... (read more)

Quick thought here Jack and Jason (caveat - haven't thought about this much at all!). 

Yes, the creation of new fields is important. However, even if there are diminishing returns to new fields (sidenote - I've been thinking about ways to try and measure this empirically), what's more important is the applicability of the new field to existing fields. 

For example, even if we only create one new field but that field could be incredibly powerful. For example, APM (atomically precise manufacturing), or an AGI of some sorts, then it will have major ra... (read more)

Will MacAskill has appeared on JRE before and probably talked about GiveWell. But yes, good news :).

1
Nathan Young
3y
Sorry, you're right.   For anyone interested, the video is here 

Aaron, I'm really ignorant about this issue but didn't Peter Singer have a course on EA a while back that if I recall correctly was fairly accessible and could be marketed towards high school students?

Alexey, I'm also skeptical of the findings but haven't had time to dig deeper yet, so it's just hunches at the moment. I have already asked you for the draft :). Honestly, can't wait to read it since you announced it last week! 

What a great question Benjamin! "Why should a longtermist EA work on boosting economic growth? " Is something I have been thinking about myself (my username gives it away...). 

One quick comment on this "I agree Progress Studies itself is far more neglected than general work to boost economic growth"

This spurs a question for me. How is Progress Studies different from people working on Economic Growth? 

5
Benjamin_Todd
3y
One quick addition is that I see Progress Studies as innovation into how to do innovation, so it's a double market failure :)

What do you think EA could learn from the 'Progress Studies' movement ?

My perception of EA is that a lot of it is focused on saving lives and relieving suffering. I don't see as much focus on general economic growth and scientific and technological progress.

There are two things to consider here. First, there is value in positives above and beyond merely living without suffering. Entertainment, travel, personal fitness and beauty, luxury—all of these are worth pursuing. Second, over the long run, more lives have been saved and suffering relieved by efforts to pursue general growth and progress than direct charitable efforts. S... (read more)

Thanks for doing this Jason. I agree with your  response here. Seems natural to think that there are diminishing marginal returns to ideas within a sector. 

You mention APM, which would spur progress in other sectors.  Are there ways to identify which sectors open up progress in other domains, i.e. identifying the ideas that could remove the constraining factors of progress (small and big)?

7
jasoncrawford
3y
I think basically you have to look at where an innovation sits in the tech tree. Energy technologies tend to be fundamental enablers of other sectors. J. Storrs Hall makes a good case for the need to increase per-capita energy usage, which he calls the Henry Adams Curve: https://rootsofprogress.org/where-is-my-flying-car But also, a fundamentally new way to do manufacturing, transportation, communication, or information processing would enable a lot of downstream progress.
1
Rowan_Stanley
3y
Thanks for the rec- I've added that one to  my EA playlist
4
SamiM
3y
I came across this playlist about the end of the world, might be of interest.

Thank you Aaron. That's exactly what I was looking for, and additionally I can dig deeper!

Question: Imagine we could quantify the amount of suffering the average person does by eating meat and the amount of environmental damage that comes from eating this meat. How much would they need to donate to the most effective charities (climate change and animal suffering) in order to off-set their meat-eating habit?

3
Aaron Gertler
4y
People have tried to estimate similar figures before. See Jeff Kaufman on dairy offsets or Gregory Lewis on meat-eating (searching the term "moral offset" will help you find other examples I haven't linked). Some people also think this idea is conceptually bad or antithetical to EA.
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