My God! Misspelling a surname is probably the worst you can do when are asking for something. Thanks for correction.

Thank you for the redaction suggestions. I have decided to use "must" and I have corrected the misspelling in the president surname.

Regarding individual donations, I do not have suggestions, because this is too big for individuals. In my view this is a political opportunity for Europe: we know that the program works well, so it is low risk. 

I would say that being replaced by the europeans is not exactly the optics that the current US government want in this issue, so probably the offer would increase the probability of continuation.

In which sense? Any suggestion for a more clear one? In fact I changed once already, because it did not fit well in the Forum (was too long).

I have written a post to address the President of the European Comission to prepare to totally or partially cover the gap if the US defunds the program. The program is expensive, but there shall be a replacement prepared if finally the worst happens.

https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/CCHwPXCTRNKdnyYbk/the-anti-aids-program-pepfar-the-european-union-shall

This is a marvelous question, that is partially adressed in the book: "Finally, after facing the abyss of the nature of power and those who wield it, the authors describe the social checks and balances that make the sustainability of pluralistic political regimes possible"[...]"Democratic competition turns the natural brutality and cynicism of political actors into a virtuous competition to provide the public with maximum material prosperity."

Regarding cultural change and evolution I wrote a long essay whose cover note you can read here (and if interested, the link to the essay is there):

https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/aCEuvHrqzmBroNQPT/the-evolution-towards-the-blank-slate

There you can see how I see the relation between Gintian "strong reciprocity" and cultural evolution. "But it turns out that existing hominids are more like water molecules (attracted by the powerful van der Waals forces of strong reciprocity) than the quasi-ideal gas helium atoms of abstract philosophy. The moralization of human existence has occurred through the creation of incentive schemes generating social surplus and distributing it in such a way that the social organization itself was reinforced in the process."

Thank you, some time ago I wrote this piece, thinking that nobody in the field was working in credible certifications. If farmers become used to welfare certifications, soon they can discover that it is in their collective economic interest to support it (as electric utilities have done with climate change).

https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/L6wdRBCh3izCD244t/farmers-in-the-animalist-coalition

Your article is extremely useful! Thx. 

Oh, it is not an objection! I mean, you have given some arguments that go against the use of citizen juries for general policy issues. Still you think juries are good for that use case.

But for expert panels, there are not substantial arguments against choice by sortision!. Still the US President (and often european parliaments) chose supreme justices. I am quite pessimistic because this mechanism is not used even when its superiority is almost impossible to dispute.

Sortision is not used even for expert panels (including high courts), where objections are truly inexistent.

https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/PyqPr4z76Z8xGZL22/sortition

I have read both the RP and the post against neuron counts, and I find them unconvincing. Let's take this: "There are studies that show increased volume of brain regions correlated with valanced experience, such as a study showing that cortical thickness in a particular region increased along with pain sensitivity".

There is no way to know what is related to "pain sensitivity", because all we know about consciousness comes from extrapolation. The only valanced experience you can observe is your own. Even if you find that a given part of the brain is related to pain, what matters most is not the size of that part of the brain but if there is a self to feel the pain.

https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/3nLDxEhJwqBEtgwJc/arthropod-non-sentience

There are not "royal paths" to understand consciousness. There is a "pretty hard problem of consciousness" between you and any exercise of consciousness attribution and no checklist nor neural similarity will easily bridge that gap. 

I think that the real divide is CAFO (Concentrated Animal Farming Operation) species vs non-CAFO. Runminants (sheep and beef) are at least partially fed on pastures, so they do not live in permanently overcrowded farms, with high agression and stress. 

Between the two main CAFO species (chicken and pork) I have not strong opinions: given neuron counts and brain weigth, I think pigs are more morally valuable than chicken, while chicken live worse lives: hard to decide. 

While I find vegetarianism utopic, in my view, CAFOs can be overcame (see  here).