I think this is a great idea; I've had similar thoughts. Here are a few repositories of research questions that might work (or could spark further ideas)! These lists aren't mine, but I have read through them and some listed projects seem like they would be a good fit.
https://airtable.com/shrNps2rJwQxR0PVS/tblNiyct4d9v7A7zY/viwTqALKVCLLfePeC?blocks=hide
There are now hundreds of these intensive courses around the world, most of which seem to end with a group project on which 2-5 newbie coders will work something in the order of 100 hours each. Usually they result in a toy project whose only purpose is being part of someone's beginner portfolio. I suspect a lot of people on these courses would be interested in doing something socially valuable if there was a convenient, easy-to-access db of projects that the bootcamp could direct them to.
Relatedly, I'm 3.5 weeks away from starting such a project in a data science bootcamp, and would be interested to hear about it if anyone has projects they think would roughly fit the amount of time available.
Good question! This place seems designed to do high impact final projects, but I don't think they use an EA framework to define impact. They seem quite altruistic though. https://www.datascienceforsocialgood.org/