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A case study of Investigative Journalism solving an important problem

I think this bar is too high, given most top charities do not claim to "solve" a problem. Philanthropic dollars going towards reducing malaria burden, reducing number of chickens slaughtered for factory farming, reducing AI X-risk can be impactful even if the problem is not solved.

I think if there were case studies that showed IJ was a good use of philanthropic resources on the margin, or directionally supported the claim that "EA should focus at least 10% of its effort towards both IJ and connecting their work with such organizations that can do sanctions, take organizations or politicians to international criminal courts, and reparations" that would be useful, even if they didn't solve an important problem.

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Investigative Journalists are more effective altruists than most

by AlanGreenspan

Sep 27 20231 min read 8

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Cause prioritizationCommunityExistential riskGlobal health & developmentPolicyNews relevant to effective altruismResearch

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I think we should have a list of investigative journalists (IJ) who should be funded by EA. They really bring light to the darkness of the world, so other organizations can act upon it.
I think EA should focus at least 10% of its effort towards both IJ and connecting their work with such organizations that can do sanctions, take organizations or politicians to international criminal courts, and reparations.

They are literally the front-line human rights defenders risking their lives for the benefit of mankind, to save lives, to promote justice, and I doubt they make even 1/3rd as much as someone working on AI governance.
Their work has a better chance at starting the cure for the cancers that most humanitarian organizations are in triage putting bandaids on where no one has the power or the will to even get close to fixing the root cause.

Here is one I recently found reporting from Africa: https://www.youtube.com/@realjudebela

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Jaime Sevilla2y13

I looked into the impact of investigative journalism briefly a while back.

Here is an estimation of the impact of some of the most high profile IJ success stories I found:

How many investigative journalists exist? It's hard to say, but the International Federation of Journalists has 600k members, so maybe there exists 6M journalists worlwide, of which maybe 10% are investigative journalists (600k IJs). If they are paid like $50k/year, that's $30B used for IJ.

Putting both numbers together, that's $2k to $20k per person affected. Let's say that each person affected gains 0.1 to 10 QALYs for these high profile cases, then that's $200 to $200k per QALY.

Seems to not be competitive with global health interventions, which are around $60/QALY IIUC, though of course this is neglecting that IJ has many important cultural effects (but then again, so does curing children from malaria!). I could also be grossly overestimating how much money goes to investigative journalism, and of course I am neglecting that the marginal dollar is probably much much less impactful than the average dollar.

Do not take this two minute exercise too seriously though! I'd be keen on seeing a more careful approach to it.

RyanCarey2y23

It's hard to say, but the International Federation of Journalists has 600k members, so maybe there exists 6M journalists worlwide, of which maybe 10% are investigative journalists (600k IJs). If they are paid like $50k/year, that's $30B used for IJ.

Surely from browsing the internet and newspapers, it's clear than less than 1% (<60k) of journalists are "investigative". And I bet that half of the impact comes from an identifiable 200-2k of them, such as former Pulitzer Prize winners, Propublica, Bellingcat, and a few other venues.

Jaime Sevilla2y4

Yeah in hindisght that is probably about right.

It'd be interesting to look at some of these high profile journalists, and see if they are well supported to do impactful journalism or if they have to spend a lot of time on chasing trends to afford working on IJ pieces.

RyanCarey2y2

The annual budgets of Bellingcat and Propublica are in the single-digit millions. (The latter has had negative experiences with EA donations, but is still relevant for sizing up the space.)

Larks2y10

Let's say that each person affected gains 0.1 to 10 QALYs for these high profile case

This seems very generous to me. The example here that effected the largest number was about tax evasion by Pakistani MPs; even if previously they had paid literally zero tax, and as a result of this they ended up paying full income tax, it seems implausible to me that the average Pakistani citizen would be willing to trade a year of life for this research. I would guess you are over-valuing this by several orders of magnitude.

AlanGreenspan1y-2

IJ in developing countries where they're needed the most probably have a full time job doing something else, and probably don't make more than $4k/year. In first world countries, sure, go for $50k/avg.
Obviously when you focus on something you can bring down the price, but attacking corruption at such a big scale does bring up the cost. IJ aren't enough. Lawyers are needed, but they're all pro bono because they know this work needs to be done.
We're talking billions of people affected. Yes the numbers can be completely different because you just can always say "Well there's still corruption in the government, so if the billions of $ of taxes that were being evaded are now funding corrupt policies & corrupt corporations wasting more resources etc...." It's exponential, and it just can't be attributed due to secondary affects.

Check out CongoHoldUp.com, there's bloomberg articles about it etc.
How much corruption witholds funds that could have helped the people in extreme poverty in the world?

These global health interventions mean squat if you're trying to put a bandaid on an open wound. That's what corruption is, a cancer deep down, but if it's too deep for most here to comprehend, let's just call it an open wound. Mosquitos are flying out of this wound and causing malaria, call it a fever, just a symptom. You keep investing/donating and the problem will never be solved, but you clap yourselves on the back, you're saving more lives for less spent. The wound is still open.
So how does that in the end affect your QALY IIUC?
Saved a life, now the kid needs to survive living in poverty still, to hope he can get a good education and a good job someday, but then spend 30 of his adult years to finally buy a home because the price of housing in Nigeria increases 100% every year. (OK on average... over 9 years it's increased 700% in many areas)

You have France who exploited African countries for decades, here's one example:

Exposing this is just the first step to real change. How much is real change worth? To close the wound, to stop the cancer. Transparency to end corruption is the only real long-term effective solution.

ElliotJDavies2y6

This is great. I think a further write up here might be needed. Perhaps you could cover:

Why do you think that Investigative Journalism is so promising?
What is the Theory of Change behind Investigative Journalism?
A case study of Investigative Journalism solving an important problem.

pseudonym2y1

A case study of Investigative Journalism solving an important problem