Kidney donation is the process of a person allowing a kidney to be removed from their body and transplanted to another person, usually to treat kidney failure. Kidney donation has been argued to be a highly effective way to increase human health.

A number of individuals involved with the effective altruism community have donated a kidney, including Alexander Berger (Berger 2011), Zell Kravinsky (Parker 2004), Dylan Matthews (Matthews 2017) and Michael Page (Beard, Daniels & Smith 2017).